［フォーラム後記｜Forum Epilogue］日本は、政府の「2050年カーボンニュートラル達成」表明から、急速に脱炭素実現に向けて舵が切られた感がありますが、実は世界の潮流に取り残されていたとも言われています。また、山林が多く、遠浅の海が少ない国土制約から、再エネ普及も苦労すると予想されています。そのため、都市と建築の温室効果ガス排出を徹底して削減することが求められています。 今回、最前線で活躍する田辺氏と堀江氏からは、貴重なご意見を拝聴することができました。堀江氏からは、ファイナンスの観点から環境リスクに注目が集まっていること、さらには、健康性や災害対応等の社会課題への対応も重要であることをご紹介頂きました。田辺氏からは、カーボンニュートラルは産業革命レベルの「変革」が必要であること、エネルギー消費に大きな影響を与える大～中規模建築物の徹底的な省エネルギーが必要であることを提示頂きました。日建設計は2021年3月に「気候非常事態宣言」を表明しました。これは、民間企業の立場から、経済活動と脱炭素社会実現の両立を模索し社会に働きかけていくものです。働き方と都市・建築デザインからカーボンニュートラルモデルを提起し、実現を目指して参ります。 ［ファシリテーター：堀川 晋］With Japan’s declaration to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, the course toward rapid decarbonization might seem to have been set; however, it has also been suggested that we have failed to keep up with the rest of the world. Additionally, owing to the country’s forested, mountainous terrain and lack of shallow seas, the widespread adoption of renewable energy may be difficult. This means we must make concerted efforts to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions generated by cities and buildings. At this forum, we were fortunate to have the opportunity to hear comments from two experts who are active at the fore front of delates on the issues discussed today. Horie spoke about the increased focus on environmental risk from the standpoint of finance. He also commented on the importance of addressing social issues like health and disaster response. Tanabe informed us that carbon neutrality requires a transformation on the scale of the Industrial Revolution, and that exhaustive efforts must be made to conserve energy in large- and medium-sized buildings, which have a significant impact on energy consumption. In March 2021, Nikken Sekkei made a climate emergency declaration. From the viewpoint of a private-sector firm, this means seeking compatibility between economic activity and the realization of a carbon-neutral society. We will propose carbon-neutral models for work practices and urban and architectural design, and strive to realize them. [Facilitator: Susumu Horikawa]ESG Investment and Sustainable Finance On the World Economic Forum’s list of the ten highest-likeli- hood global risks, announced at the annual Davos meeting, environmental risks occupy the top five places. In addition to physical risks such as typhoons, floods, and heat waves, atten-tion is on climate-change-related financial risks, including policy and regulation-related transition risks. The EU taxonomy of environmentally friendly econom-ic activities embraces policies to tackle climate change and promotes these with a sustainable-finance strategy. Japan, however, is focused on “transition,” which it promotes simul-taneously with the concepts of “green,” “innovation,” and “finance” (TGIF) to achieve its goals. There is a move to mandate corporate disclosure of climate- change-related financial risks and opportunities, as recom-mended by the Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosures (TCFD). Additionally, the Carbon Risk Real Estate Monitor (CRREM), which provides quantitative assess-ment of transition risk under the initiative of investors, is now more widely used. In the investment world, traditionally geared to risk and return, there is growing demand for a third axis, “social impact” (climate change, health and comfort, contribution to economies and local communities, disaster response, and measures to address low birth rate and aging population). “Brown discounts” are already being applied to lower the value of properties with poor environmental performance. Properties such as zero-energy buildings (ZEBs), which positively impact society, will be in higher demand moving toward 2050. [Speaker: Ryuichi Horie]─The Road to Carbon NeutralityIn April 2021, Japan declared its intention to achieve a decar-bonized society by cutting greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions 46 percent from 2013 levels by the year 2030. For this to happen, we must transform industry and social structures. Eighty-five percent of GHG emissions in Japan derive from fossil energy; this means drastic energy-conservation meas-ures and expanded efforts to introduce renewable energy are essential. While net zero-energy houses (ZEHs) have become more common, of the more than 50,000 nonresidential prop-erties constructed in 2019, only 0.25 percent were ZEBs. We need to dispel the idea that ZEBs mean higher costs. Solar is the primary renewable energy expected to be adopted by 2030. Japan has the largest installed solar gener-ation capacity relative to land area, but rooftop installation on residences and other buildings must be performed on a larger scale. To make full use of variable energy resources like renewables, we need not only energy conservation and stor-age technology on the demand side but also application tech-nology developed in cooperation with the supply side. This is what digital technology is all about, and we need to keep pace with the rest of the world. What is more, carbon neu-trality requires a transformation in line with the Sustainable Development Goals to enable all people to prosper. [Speaker: Shin-ichi Tanabe]372021 WINTER49FORUM
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